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HTTP/2 Over TCP Versus HTTP/3 Over QUIC

TradeoffNetworking & OSSeniorStaffUpdated

Serving a global audience over flaky mobile networks. Pick HTTP 2 or HTTP/3 at the edge.

Short answer: HTTP/3 over QUIC. QUIC streams are independent at the transport layer, so a single dropped packet does not stall every concurrent stream like it does on TCP.

The Two Options

A

HTTP/2 over TCP

B

HTTP/3 over QUIC

Drill This: Your Pick First

The Better Pick

Option B

HTTP/3 over QUIC

QUIC streams are independent at the transport layer, so a single dropped packet does not stall every concurrent stream like it does on TCP. QUIC also has 0-RTT resumption and connection migration across IP changes (Wi-Fi to LTE).

When the Other One Wins

HTTP/2 over TCP

Inside the data center on reliable low-loss links, HTTP/2 over TCP is simpler, more debuggable, and friendlier to middleboxes. UDP is also more likely to be rate-limited by corporate firewalls.